Stoechas Oil
The headspace volatiles isolated from
Lavandula stoechas L. by a solid-phase
trapping extraction technique in which
the volatiles were trapped in Porapak Q
after 3 h of 400 mL/min N2 flow through
were analyzed by GC/MS by Kim and
Lee (2002) and found to be as follows:
ethyl benzene† (0.05%)
m- or p-xylene† (0.16%)
o-xylene† (0.09%)
a-thujene (0.07%)
a-pinene (0.78%)
camphene ( 2.30%)
b-pinene (0.15%)
myrcene (0.09%)
p-cymene (0.54%)
limonene (0.15%)
1,8-cineole ( 12.50%)
trans-p-menth-2-en-1-ol (0.03%)
linalool oxide* (0.70%)
fenchone ( 24.30%)
linalool (0.11%)
cis-sabinol (0.19%)
camphor ( 53.40%)
borneol (0.38%)
terpinen-4-ol (0.56%)
p-cymen-8-ol (0.56%)
verbenone (0.28%)
carvone (0.43%)
linalyl acetate (0.50%)
bornyl acetate ( 1.14%)
a-terpinyl acetate (0.09%)
geranyl acetate (0.02%)
b-caryophyllene (0.02%)
linalool ( 18.7%)
1-octen-3-yl acetate (0.45%)
camphor (0.45%)
lavandulol (0.25%)
borneol ( 1.88%)
terpinen-4-ol ( 4.63%)
p-cymen-8-ol (0.53%)
linalyl acetate ( 35.4%)
bornyl acetate ( 5.88%)
geranyl acetate (0.27%)
b-caryophyllene ( 9.39%)
farnesene* ( 2.60%)
calamenene* ( 1.21%)
Progress in Essential Oils
Brian M. Lawrence, Consultant
caryophyllene oxide ( 1.80%)
bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate‡ ( 3.00%)
*correct isomer not identified
†impurity from the pet ether used to elute the
volatiles from Porapak Q
‡plasticizer, not a component of lavender flowers
The authors further showed that the
choice of fiber used for SPME headspace
isolation had a profound effect on the
volatile composition obtained.
Dedalioglu and Evrendilek (2004)
screened a few Turkish oils for their antibacterial activity. Among the oils screened
was a water-distilled oil of L. stoechas that
was produced from Turkish grown plants.
The oil screened was determined to possess the following composition:
a-pinene ( 1.31%)
camphene ( 1.40%)
1,8-cineole ( 8.03%)
fenchone ( 55.79%)
linalool (0.29%)
camphor ( 18.18%)
myrtenal (0.25%)
a-fenchyl acetate (0.32%)
carvone (0.33%)
bornyl acetate ( 1.32%)
myrtenyl acetate ( 6.25%)
d-cadinene‡ (0.90%)
carveol* (0.73%)
g-cadinene (0.80%)
caryophyllene oxide (0.33%)
g-selinene† ( 2.54%)
aromadendrene† (0.41%)
d-cadinene‡ (0.50%)
*correct isomer not identified
†incorrect identification based on GC elution order
‡compound listed twice
Angioni et al. (2006) compared the
composition of oils produced from stems/
leaves and flowers of L. stoechas subsp.
stoechas growing in its natural environ-
ment in Cagliari (Italy). The comparative
oil analyses can be found in T- 1.
Moon et al. (2007) reported that an oil
produced in Australia from the ‘Avonview’
cultivar of L. stoechas possessed the following major components:
a-pinene ( 1.1%)
1,8-cineole ( 9.2%)
linalool ( 1.9%)
camphor (48.6%)
borneol ( 1.1%)
terpinen-4-ol (0.3%)
fenchone ( 21.9%)
a-terpineol (0.5%)
linalyl acetate (0.4%)
camphor ( 34.6%)
cis-verbenol (0.1%)
trans-verbenol (0.3%)
pinocarvone ( 1.4%)
borneol (0.3%)
p-cymen-8-ol ( 1.4%)
a-terpineol (0.3%)
verbenone (0.4%)
trans-carveol (0.1%)
carvone (0.3%)
linalyl acetate (0.1%)
bornyl acetate (0.1%)
lavandulyl acetate (0.2%)
eugenol (0.2%)
b-caryophyllene (0.2%)
germacrene D (0.1%)
1-epi-cubenol (0.1%)
ffuranoid form
In addition, trace amounts (<0.05%)
of tricyclene, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-on,
a-phellandrene, a-terpinene, (Z)-b-
ocimene, g-terpinene, the furanoid
form of trans-linalool oxide, p-methyl-
acetophenone and myrtenal were also
characterized in this oil.
Matos et al. (2009) described the
analysis of a lab-distilled oil of L. stoechas subsp. lusitanica. Although stoechas
oil is usually produced from L. stoechas
subsp. stoechas, this oil has been included
because wild harvested subsp. stoechas
material could be confused with subsp.
lusitanica. The composition of this oil
was found to be as follows:
